Tips On How To Write An AP History Essay

Tips On How To Write An AP History EssayIf you are taking an AP History course, there are plenty of 2020 AP History essay samples that can help you get started. These essays will help you think about what you have learned, and what you would like to do next with your class.Writing an essay for your final year is not easy. You may already know that this semester you are going to take a college course, or you may be trying to decide if taking this course in the first place was really a good idea. Whatever the case, you know that you need to write an essay and pass your AP History class.If you are working on writing an essay, you have two different options. You can either decide to go for a college course or you can try writing one yourself. I would recommend doing the latter. When you are finished, you will find yourself very motivated to write another essay.Writing an essay, however, is not as easy as you might think. In order to write well, you have to be able to focus and express yo ur thoughts clearly and concisely. Writing a concise essay does not necessarily mean that you will forget to give points or detail.The biggest problem with writing an essay is that you will usually be working alone. This can leave you without some support. Another thing is that you will probably not have a mentor who will help you out during the process.When you are looking for writing advice, look for someone who has a mentor and understands your expectations. For example, if you are trying to write an essay that will serve as a test for other students, you should talk to the instructor to see if he or she has a particular point that you can emphasize in your essay. Or, perhaps the mentor can help you out by pointing out an example of a particular essay in the class that works well for your own writing style.The only way that you will pass your AP Exam is by writing an essay that is not only well written but also comprehensible. There are plenty of great 2020 AP History essay sampl es that you can use to help you improve your writing. But, if you really want to succeed, it is important that you stick with a plan. It is best if you begin preparing early and build up your confidence at the same time.

Business Plan of Nestle - 6523 Words

NESTLE PAKISTAN (nestle pure life) BUSINESS PLAN NESTLE PAKISTAN 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Name and Address: Nestlà © Pakistan Limited 308 – Upper Mall, Lahore - 54000, Pakistan PABX: (042) 111 637 853 Fax: (042) 35789303-4 Email: info@pk.nestle.com Corporate Office Annex: 304, 309 – Upper Mall, Lahore, Pakistan. Board of Directors: Mr. Syed Yawar Ali Chairman (308-Upper Mall, Lahore, Pakistan) Mr. Ian J. Donald Managing Director (308-Upper Mall, Lahore, Pakistan) Mr. Giuseppe Bonanno Director (308-Upper Mall, Lahore, Pakistan) Mr. Edouard Simond Director (308-Upper Mall, Lahore, Pakistan) Mr. Pierre Schaufelberger Director (Avenue Nestlà © 551800 VeveySwitzerland) Mr. Syed Babar†¦show more content†¦2005: Nestlà © Waters further develops its business on the African continent, via the launch of Nestlà © Pure Life in Nigeria and the creation of a partnership in Algeria 2006: Aligned with the Nestlà © Group strategy on nutrition, health and wellness, Nestlà © Waters makes a strategic move towards added value drinks * NESTLE PAKISTAN: Since Pakistan is the fifth world’s largest milk producing country therefore nestle deals mainly in dairy products. Moreover it also sells juices, chocolates, prepared food like noodles, baby food, infant formula milk and breakfast cereals in Pakistan. Nestle is a low cost leader with its efficient operations hence it provides its customers with high quality products and sells them at a premium price. Therefore it is earning good profits. Nestle has set its manufacturing plants at in Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad and Kabirwala. The milk processing plant at Kabirwala district is the Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s world largest milk processing plant. When nestle introduced itsShow MoreRelatedNestle s Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages Nestle corporate social responsibility Introduction: - Nestle was established by Henri in 1866 and its central command are in a city called Vevey arranged in Switzerland. As it’s a multinational company it spread worldwide in numerous nations like India, South Africa and so on. Under the mission of great sustenance, great life they are giving extensive variety of nourishment items with the best tasting and brimming with nourishment. The 149 years opportunityRead MoreNestle s Marketing Pl Nestle961 Words   |  4 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY Nestle is a multinational cooperative around the world that was found by Henry Nest in the year 1866. Nestle has more than 280,000 employees worldwide and factories are established and operate more than 86 countries. Nestlà © has launched an initiative to produce infant formula that provides babies who are intolerant to breast milk. Current customers are a very strong demand for children s products, especially in Europe. Many joint venture companies have operated on behalf of aRead MoreUnilever V Nestle1235 Words   |  5 Pagesnow operate in a global market place and to develop appropriate strategies. A global strategy is an organisational plan that takes into account these new global realities. Both Nestle and Unilever have developed global distribution and marketing networks, based on their powerbrands i.e. market leading brands that are recognisable in nearly every country in the world. Both Nestle and Unilever have many powerbrands. Key aspects of global strategy include: 1. Treating the global market asRead MoreNestle Case Study1706 Words   |  7 PagesTopic: Nestlà © Bends Under Activist Pressure Explanation of issues The articles have been focused on Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s performance for its different kinds of products that have been declined its target profits. Therefore, Nestle has set up a margin goal that will help the world’s largest food package company to regain its expecting profits. It is mentioned that, the company has slowed down its growth in the different marketplace in which some products need to improve its performance according to analysisRead MoreNestle, A Swiss Company Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesNestlà © SA, a Swiss company founded in 1866 by Henri Nestlà ©. At the beginning, Nestlà © Company focussed in selling infant milk, which provided a substitute for mothers who were unable to breast feed their infant or infants who were unable to suckle their mother’s milk (Nestle.com). Henri Nestles product became a success, creating demand throughout Europe. Nestlà © s product’s reputation grew, more businesses wanted to merge and become partners with He nri Nestlà © s business. From 1866 to 1947, the Nestlà ©Read MoreNestle, A Swiss Multinational Corporation, Markets Bottled Water1360 Words   |  6 PagesNestlà ©, a Swiss multinational corporation, markets bottled water under various brand names. It runs 29 bottling plants across the United States and had revenue of $4.1 billion in 2014. (CHANGE STAT TO 2015 and CITE – waiting to hear back from library with current stats.) Since 2008, Nestlà © has been trying to obtain the right to bottle and sell water from Oxbow Spring, located in Cascade Locks, Oregon. Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s plans are to build a $50 million, 250,000 square foot bottling facility in Cascade LocksRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Nestle1302 Words   |  6 PagesExternal Environment General Environment Overall, the general environment for Nestlà © is very good. Considered the world’s largest packaged food and beverage manufacturer in the world, Nestlà © operates in 12 different segments of the consumer products market, including baby foods, bottled water, cereals, candy, coffee, prepared and prepackaged foods, dairy, drinks, food service, healthcare and nutrition, ice cream and pet care. Its stable of brands includes some of the best-known names in the industryRead MoreDoing Better1201 Words   |  5 Pagesremoval of the inner plastic sleeve from Kit Kat Bumper packs be seen as a move towards sustainability? Answer: Business and environment must go such a way that could bring benefits for both of them. It cannot harm environment’s any element. Even their objective of business must contain a message related to environment concern. NESTLE, the company is working with this type of objective. Nestle launched Kit Kat Bumper without its white plastic sleeve by keeping on mind about environment. Plastic sleeveRead MoreThe Creation, Development, And Future Of Nestle Toll House Cafe1470 Words   |  6 PagesTiffany Lugo Professor Samarelli Intro to Business 7 December 2105 The Creation, Development, and Future of Nestle Toll House Cafe Nestle Toll House Cafe is one of the most developed and successful franchises known. Henri Nestle, a German entrepreneur, began the fundamentals of Nestle Toll House Cafe in 1867 when he invented a nutritious product for infants that mothers who were not able to breastfeed could utilize. This nurturing product is what gave the Nestle brand the security, affection, nourishmentRead Morenestle in ghana1018 Words   |  5 PagesGSM5200 MARKETING MANAGEMENT - GROUP STUDY Nestlà © (Ghana) Ltd. â€Å"An Analysis on Situation and Marketing Strategy Proposal to Maintain Brand Equity and Expand Brand Penetration of Nestle Products in Ghana, West Africa† â€Å"How to effectively expand market in least developing countries† is the major issue found in the case. This consists of derived issues faced by the company which can be correlated with marketing studies. By The American Marketing Association, marketing is defined as the activity

Oppression Of Women As A Minority - 943 Words

It has always been interesting to me that females are considered a minority. Yet the population number is higher compared to males. This is the case in America and the world. However, we live in a patriarchy society where it is normal to have the female serving a subordinate role. The text p.317 describes the oppression of women as a norm in our society. The thought that women are oppressed is somewhat foreign to me because I would have to consider myself as oppressed. This is hard to do because sexism has become so embedded in our society that the idea of oppression is a norm. As an African American woman, I feel the sting of both race and gender oppressions to the point where it affects my life on a daily basis. Similar to race, gender is socially constructed ideology fit with its own stereotypes and discriminatory acts. Stereotypes against gender are often attributed to personality traits like feminine and masculine characteristics. However, feminine traits are usually treated as the inferior of the two. The text p.318gives examples, Men do not cry women should always look beautiful, women are natural caregivers men are tough. These examples highlight a few of the stereotypes that we overlook in our society. Sexual Assault and Women The nonchalant attitude towards sexism goes deeper than everyday microaggressions. Sexual assault against women has always been a temper provoking topic for me. When a sexual assault victim reports said crime the first comment peopleShow MoreRelatedOppression Of Women And Minority People921 Words   |  4 PagesA) Frye opens the essay with defining what oppression is about which it targeted toward women and the minority people. Oppression happens when a woman or a person from minority group are denied the privilege that white male made to prevent from them to receive same rights as the white males experience. It results for them to be expected to smile, accept the fate and move on with daily life no what how unfair the situation is. Oppression is not only just limited to just one structure but also manyRead MoreBlack Feminist1005 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Oxford English Dictionary, Black Feminist can be defined as a movement consisting of African American women advocating s ocial, political, legal, and economic rights for women equal to those of men (Oxford English Press). Black feminism argues that sexism, social class oppression, and racism are inseparably bound together (Collins). The feminist movement has been around since the 1880s when the word â€Å"Feminism† appeared in the French language (Collins). The word found traction in BritainRead MoreCapitalism Racism And Patriarchy963 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Capitalism, Racism, and Patriarchy A specific targeted attack is needed to dismantle systems of oppression (RACE CLASS AND GENDER) Marxism alone cannot adequately address inequalities of race and gender because it ignores the historical impacts of race and gender As such critical problems will persist Patriarchy is not just a superstructure It is an independent oppressive system which must also be dismantled before true revolution can occur Patriarchal norms will persist in the home (home isRead MoreThe s Concept Of The Mythical Norm By Barbara Perry1200 Words   |  5 Pages The â€Å"Mythical Norm† Leading To Oppression Through Privilege Iqbal Dhillon - 213516604 York University SOSC 1350- Gender and the Law Julie Dowsett Wednesday, October 22, 2014 Word Count: 1,191 Introduction: This essay will critically analyze the various forms of oppression that are set out through Audrey Lorde’s concept of the â€Å"mythical norm† as discussed by Barbara Perry. Through the â€Å"mythical norm†, it can be seen that oppressions exists through the forms of racism and sexism whichRead MoreAuthors Such As W.E.B. Du Bois And Simone De Beauvoir,1695 Words   |  7 PagesAuthors such as W.E.B. Du Bois and Simone de Beauvoir, who wrote on the oppression of people agree that there is a mental oppression the acts as one of the biggest obstacles to freedom for oppressed groups. The oppression of black people and women are similar in fundamental ways because they are viewed as inferior and the ways they are controlled and limited by another, dominant group which makes it easy to apply the concept of the Veil to both of them. Du Bois introduces the concept of the VeilRead MoreThe Second Wave Of Feminism1594 Words   |  7 Pagessexual rights, and the wor kforce, to advocating for reproductive rights and abortion, the Second-wave feminism allowed women to create more spaces for themselves. Yet, amidst the growing feminist movement, in spite of it being more inclusive to women of color and other minority groups in comparison to the first-wave, the second-wave feminism continued to see white middle-class women as the forefront of feminism. The second-wave of feminism brought both good and bad to the table. While they were ableRead MoreSimone De Beauvoir And Frantz Fanon And The Oppression Of Women1649 Words   |  7 Pagesthe view of the minority so firmly permeating society’s mind, the voice of the minority falls to the wayside. Simone de Beauvoir, Frantz Fanon, and Michel Foucault all seek to establish a voice for the minority, and a path to freedom and liberation from the dominance of the normalized majority. In her work â€Å"The Second Sex.† De Beauvoir tackles the oppression of women. While not a minority, women are written out of society by a more dominant male society, and experience oppression like that feltRead MoreFeminism : The, Or Man Hating912 Words   |  4 Pagesfeminism. Feminism is about so much more than hating men, or even just mending the oppressions within a gender binary. My definition of feminist theory is looking at and analyzing a variety of different oppressions and maltreatments, particularly those within gender; furthermore, feminist theory focuses on how these oppressions come to be and how they influence society, with a hopeful end result of ending these oppressions. The best way to demonstrate this is to look at evidence of how feminist theoryRead MoreA Woman s Experience With The Law Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pagesa tool, a tool of resistance, power, or even oppression. A woman’s experience with the law can potentially see the law as a tool of oppression. Internationally, across many states like Ohio itself, a husband can legally rape his wife if his wif e is subdued by drugs, or any substance that lessens her chances of resistance and encourages consent (Allen, 2015). Across many legal institutions, and systems a woman suffers from discrimination or oppression due to her ‘multiple identities’ (Lockhart MitchellRead MoreReflection Paper On Racism : Fall Session Given By The Center For The Healing Of Racism947 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Internalized Oppresion.† I chose to attend Internalized Oppression because I wanted to better understand how internalized oppression affects me and others and hopefully obtain the tools for addressing it. My family who ranges in color from a deep rich chocolate to a cream color has struggled with internalized oppression for many years. Attending a historically black college I have recognized the painful effects of internalized oppression and have personally experienced how it causes pain and dissention

Factors of Poverty in Namibia - 782 Words

This table portrays the different face on calculating poverty in Namibia but without doubt, it strikes with more energy the rural homes. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2008, poverty was chiefly spread between homes were English nor German were spoken (around 55 percent of those households) While English and German speaking homes were almost unaffected by poverty. This in terms of sheer consumption means that the poorest sector of the Namibian society only accounts for the 1 percent of general expenditure while the 5% of the Namibians that belong to the high-income group hold the 53 percent of it. According to the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare of Namibia, the 41% on Namibian homes depend on wages as their principal source of wealth. These data shows the utmost significance that salaries and wages have for the subsistence of Namibian homes. This is underlined by the point that around 72 percent of Namibian homes do not possess a second source of wealth or income. In rural areas, these figures are higher, reaching an 85 percent of homes without secondary source of wealth, which is a terribly high number when compared to urban areas (63 percent). Namibia has undergone noteworthy processes to fight back poverty and improve its social and economic aspects (World Bank), becoming part of the top ten globally in terms of percentage spent in education on the GDP and second in the region in term of health expenditure. However, this alone is more likely to beShow MoreRelatedPoverty3940 Words   |  16 Pagesin 1990, Namibia which is situated on Africa’s south-western seaboard with neighboring countries Angola ,Botswana, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. With an annual population growth of 1.9% in 2009, it is estimated that the population is now currently at 2.1 million (see World Bank 2009). Namibia has a stable economy that according to the United Nations Development Programmed (UNDP, 2003) is second in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of per capita expenditure in the health sector. Namibia being a â€Å"middleRead MoreHiv Is A Disease?1574 Words   |  7 Pagescountries, and two thirds occur in Sub- Saharan Africa where over 28 million people are infected. (Canadian Journal of African Studies. 416). There are many factors leading to why the levels of HIV/AIDS are so high in continental Africa. Starting off, poverty affects the prevalence rate of HIV/AIDS in Africa. Countries with higher levels of poverty, are known to show higher levels of AIDS. There is also a large amount of gender inequity level. Due to how sexuality is viewed in Africa, there tends toRead MoreNotes On Water Supply Report1140 Words   |  5 Pagesaccess to safe drinking water has many benefits, it helps in education, improves Health, and sickness is reduced, clean water also leads to food security, families can grow their own crops to feed them self. â€Å"Access to water can break the cycle of poverty† (the water project, n.d.) This report will discuss and look into water supply methods and choose the most appropriate water supply technique to a developing arid region. II. Background information Water scarcity in arid areas is caused by lowRead MoreInternational Trade and South African Rand3644 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction: Namibia is small flourishing country located in the south west of Africa. Its surrounding neighbors are Angola, Botswana, South Africa, and the South Atlantic Sea. The country is very young, and was recently liberated from foreign and South African rule, and was formerly known as South West Africa. Compared to all of its neighbors Namibia has an extremely low unemployment rate of 5.3%, and a GDP per capita of 7,500 USD. Even though the country appears to have a high per capita GDPRead MoreInternational Trade and South African Rand3633 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction: Namibia is small flourishing country located in the south west of Africa. Its surrounding neighbors are Angola, Botswana, South Africa, and the South Atlantic Sea. The country is very young, and was recently liberated from foreign and South African rule, and was formerly known as South West Africa. Compared to all of its neighbors Namibia has an extremely low unemployment rate of 5.3%, and a GDP per capita of 7,500 USD. Even though the country appears to have a high per capita GDPRead MoreFiscal Policy And Trade Openness On Unemployment Essay1811 Words   |  8 PagesAHMED SALIM NUHU On The Impact of Fiscal Policy and Trade Openness on Unemployment in Namibia 1. Introduction Unemployment remains a fundamental challenge for policy makers around the globe as it simultaneously increases poverty and threatens social stability within a country (Goker, 2013). Even though the literature recognizes the critical role fiscal policy plays in mitigating unemployment and stabilizing the economy (Auerbach, Gale, and Harris, 2010), the extent to which it works effectivelyRead MoreSocial Stratification Is A Society Wide System949 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest groups or class systems. Class systems are social standings based on social factors and individual accomplishments. But for many Egyptians this is hard to truly believe. From the view point of lower class citizens, it is easy to undercount the poor in crowded informal settlements, and reasonable to assume that people who get rich by bribery and corruption don’t report all their earnings. Consequently, these factors represent that the social stratification of Egypt is becoming closed and closedRead MoreEff ects of Changes of Interest Rates Inflation2152 Words   |  9 Pagesalso not necessarily a good thing Inflation is measured with a price index Price Indexes are categorized as Consumer Price Index and Producer Price Index Interest rate changes are decided by the Central Bank in South Africa and enforced by Bank of Namibia In the long run, stocks are good protection against inflation Inflation is a serious problem for fixed income investors Inflation-indexed securities offer protection against inflation, but offer low returns. Taking into consideration the key pointsRead MoreThe Last Train By Paul Theroux1366 Words   |  6 Pageslosses are experienced at a rapid rate, as the indigenous and free Africa is forced to migrate from their rural habitats to become urbanized and live in the most deplorable conditions humankind could know. Theroux travels throughout South Africa, Namibia, and Angola, reporting the way Africa has evolved, stagnated, and even retrogressed. By using the nonfiction forms, he allows his readers to access and develop a complete and complex mixture of opinions, engaging them into this controversial debateRead MoreA Perspective of Poverty and HIV on Sub-Saharan Africa1018 Words   |  4 PagesA perspective of poverty and HIV on Sub-Saharan Africa The majority of people currently living with HIV are in Sub-Saharan Africa where this infectious immune disease has had a devastating impact mentally, physically, economically and socially since this pandemic began. Sub-Saharan Africa is about 15% of the worlds population, and it has approximately seventy percent of the people living with HIV. In 2011 there were 23,500,000 people living with HIV, and 1,200,000 annual AIDS deaths. The new

The Bacterial Community Of The Coral Holobiont - 1296 Words

The coral holobiont consists of many different living components. In this paper, the main focus will be on the bacterial community of the coral holobiont. Since there has already been extensive study on algal interaction with the coral, the aim of this paper is to shed light on some of the lesser studied micro ecological communities and the implications that it has on the macro-ecological level of the ecosystem. In order to study the coral holobiont and the micro-ecological systems involved, a few questions must be answered. We must first define the structure of the coral holobiont and identify the bacteria specific to each environment. Then, we should examine potential interactions between the coral host and the bacteria communities.†¦show more content†¦(2) The SML consists of surface that is associated with microbial communities and transient bacteria. There are numerous possible delivery sources of bacteria to the SML, such as passive settlement from the water column, de posited faecal matter, and re-suspended sediments from the benthos, all of which may pass on specific bacterial species. (2) Two transient bacteria found on the SML were Bacteroidetes sp. and Sphingobacterium sp., which also exist in the water column. A predominant surface that is associated with microbial bacteria is alpha proteobacteria, which is present in both the water column and SML. It appears to be a common bacteria amongst many corals as it is mentioned to be found in both colonies of A. millepora and A. hyacinthus on Heron island. (3) Other bacteria found specific to the SML in the heron island species are four ribotypes related to Chloroflexi, Sphingobacterium sp., Roseobacter sp. and Pseudoalteromonas sp. (2). The coral tissue is another microbial community which is more stable and shows variation in oxygen tension based on diurnal variations. (2) The most abundant bacterial ribotypes found on healthy corals were Gamma proteobacteria, defined as type A coral associates. (3) It is found predominantly in the coral tissues. (2) Gamma proteobacteria is also found in the SML, however it is not the predominant species. The coral skeleton is isolated from the ambient seawater and

The Design of Corporate Knowledge

Question: Assess your proficiency for two or more competencies. What is your greatest strength? In what areas could you improve? Analyze the competencies you selected. How do they relate to health care organizations striving for a culture of excellence? How might gaining proficiency of these competencies better enable you to personally contribute to organizational excellence, including effectiveness and success in health care administration? Answer: The design of corporate knowledge Clinical was learning an interactive digital resource for enhancing teaching and learning of practical clinical skills for undergraduate medicine curriculum. It consists of instructional designed modules with appropriate videos, animations, interactions, illustrations, professional voice over and self-assessment. Teachers help in framing the attitudes, behavior and the ability to think in a professional way. The setting allows the integrated teaching of clinical reasoning, empathy, making decisions and professionalism (McBride, 2015). The internal database consists of numbers of qualified pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, clinical research, and medical device professionals that the company like United States Pharmaceuticals Co. has established a relationship with. The United States Pharmaceuticals Co. can provide outstanding candidates within a day or before that. The United States Pharmaceuticals Co has a positive contribution to the elongated lifespan and good health of people. The pharmaceutical company can produce good quality medicines only by prior testing and conducting clinical trial experiments. One feels that there is a growing emphasis on the use of the drugs that involve over musicalized problem and scare-mongering issues (McBride, 2015). Websites on the internet offer great solutions for the dissemination of information both externally and internally. However, a website containing useful resources becomes worthless if the user of the website does not get the desired information on the website. This woul d result in loss of opportunities and time of the user (Back, 2006). Significance of business intelligence Business intelligence is the process that is mainly influenced by technology for presenting information in a way so that the managers of the business and corporate executives can take necessary actions. Business Intelligence involves methodologies, applications and tools that helps organizations in data collection (ONeill, 2011). Role of corporate knowledge related to stakeholders In a corporate sector of United States Pharma Corp, the stakeholders have some efficient role who are attached causative their views in addressing the problem that is urgent to them us members and the local community, patients, service users. Stakeholders engagement method is stakeholder mapping. It identifies to pulls together and targets group as much in order as possible regarding them. By the definition of the stakeholders the people who have a risk of the condition(Back, 2006). Strategies to develop and acquire the corporate knowledge This item is to show the approach for increasing the knowledge management policy that is strongly focused and primary needs for analysis(Truch, 2004). Instead, the strategies of United States Pharma Corp have to classify the key needs and issue is creating in the organization and providing a framework for tackling these. Knowledge management must do high-level outline goals, and it is firmly grounded in the real needs for challenging confronting United States Pharma Corp(ONeill, 2011). In the knowledge management strategy, United States Pharma Corp prefersa dedicated and experienced consulting firm to develop knowledge management. Strategic guides can easily help the term to know the best practices that the organization can implement. Alternative strategies for securing corporate knowledge Alternating strategies are always best to have one scalable,efficient,replicable scheme to handle awareness property of United States Pharma Corp. This is possibly a most important feature of the knowledge management strategy. Team, office, and employees will require taking on this strategy. The United States Pharma Corp produce the more standardization that will be the main issue in the knowledge management strategy of United States Pharma Corp(Truch, 2004). References Back, A. (2006).Getting real about knowledge networks. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire [England]: Palgrave Macmillan. McBride, N. (2015). Virtuous Business Intelligence.International Journal Of Business Intelligence Research,6(2), 1-17. https://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbir.2015070101 ONeill, D. (2011). Business Intelligence Competency Centers.International Journal Of Business Intelligence Research,2(3), 21-35. https://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jbir.2011070102 Truch, E. (2004).Leveraging corporate knowledge. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower.

AIDS (2827 words) Essay Example For Students

AIDS (2827 words) Essay AIDSAIDS is a life and death issue. To have the AIDS disease is at present asenten,ce of slow but inevitable death. Ive already lost one friend to AIDS. Imay soon lose others. My own sexual behavior and that of many of my friends hasbeen profoundly altered by it. In my part of the country, one man in 10 mayalready be carrying the AIDS virus. While the figures may currently be less inmuch of the rest of the country, this is changing rapidly. There curreently isneither a cure, nor even an effective treatment, and no vaccine either. Butthere are things that have been PROVEN immensely effevctive in slowing thespread of this hideously lethal disease. In this essay I hope to present thisinformation. History and Overview: AIDS stands for Acquired Immune DefficiencyDisease. It is caused by a virus. The disease origiunated somewhere in Africaabout 20 years ago. There it first appeared as a mysterious ailment afflictingprimarily heterosexuals of both sexes. It probably was spread especially fa st byprimarily female prostitutes there. AIDS has already become a crisis ofSTAGGERING proportions in parts of Africa. In Zaire, it is estimated that overtwenty percent of the adults currently carry the virus. That figure isincreasing. And what occurred there will, if no cure is found, most likely occurhere among heteroosexual folks. AIDS was first seen as a dise.ase of gay malesin this country. This was a result of the fact that gay males in this culture inthe days before AIDS had an average of 200 to 400 new sexual contacts per year. This figure was much higher than common practice among heterosexual (straight)men or women. In addition, it turned out that rectal sex was a particularlyeffective way to transmit the disease, and rectal sex is a common practice amonggay males. For these reasons, the disease spread in the gay male populsation ofthis country immensely more quickly than in other populations. It became to bethought of as a gay disease. Because the disease is spread primarilyby exposure of ones blood to infected blood or semen, I.V. drug addicts whoshared needles also soon were identified as an affected group. As the AIDSepidemic began to affect increasingly large fractions of those two populations(gay males andd IV drug abusers), many of the rest of this society looked onsmugly, for both populations tended to be despised by the mainstreamof society here. But AIDS is also spread by heterosexual sex. In addition, it isspread by blood transfusions. New born babies can acquire the disease frominfected mother s during pregnancy.more and more mainstream folks gotthe disease. Most recently, a member of congress died of the disease. Finally,even the national news media began to join in the task of educating the publicto the notion that AIDS can affect everyone. Basic medical research began toprovide a few bits of information, and some help. The virus causing the diseasewas isolated and identified. The AIDS virus turned out to be a very unusual sortof virus. Its genetic material was not DNA, but RNA. When it infected humancells, it had its RNA direct the synthesis of viral DNA. While RNA viruses arenot that uncommon, very few RNA viruses reproduce by setting up the flow ofinformation from RNA to DNA. Such reverse or retro flow ofinformation does not occur at all in any DNA virus or any other living things. Hence, the virus was said to belong to the rare group of virues calledRetro Viruses. Research provided the means to test donated blood forthe presence of the antibodies to the virus, astronomically reducing the chanceof ones getting AIDS from a blood transfusion. This was one of the first realbreakthroughs. The same discoveries that allowed us to make our blood bank bloodsupply far safer also allowed us to be able to tell (in most cases) whether onehas been exposed to the AIDS virus using a simple blood test. The Types of AIDSInfection: When the AIDS virus gets into a persons body, the results can bebroken down into three general types of situations: AIDS disease, ARC, andasymptomatic seropositive condition. The AIDS disease is characterized by havingones immune system devastated by the AIDS virus. One is said to have the*disease* if one contracts particular varieties (Pneumocystis, for example) ofpneumonia, or one of several particular varieties of otherwise rare cancers (KaposisSar coma, for example). This *disease* is inevitably fatal. Death occurs oftenafter many weeks or months of expensive and painful hospital care. Most folkswith the disease can transmit it to others by sexual contact or other exposureof an uninfected persons blood to the blood or semen of the infected person. There is also a condition referred to as ARC (Aids Related Complex). In this situation, one is infected with the AIDS virus and ones immunesystem iscompromised, but not so much so that one gets the (ultimately lethal) cancers orpneumonias of the AIDS disease. One tends to be plagued by frequent colds,enlarged lymph nodes, and the like. This condition can go on for years.One islikely to be able to infect others if one has ARC Raisin in the Sun EssayNote that even if you dont care what happens to I.V. drug abusers, the increasein the number of folks carrying the virus ultimately endangers ALL livingpersons. Thus, the issue is NOT what you morally think of I.V. drug addicts, butone of what is the most rational way to slow the spread of AIDS in allpopulations. Testing of donated blood for AIDS has massivly reduced the chanceof catching AIDS from blood transfusions. But a very small risk still remains. To further reduce that risk, efforts have been made to use autotransfusionsin cases of elective surgery (surgery that can be planned months inadvance). Autotransfusion involves the patient storing their own blood a coupleof weeks prior to their own surgery, to be used during the surgery if needed. Similary, setting up donations of blood from friends and family known to beantibody negative and at low risk for AIDS prior to schedualed surgery furthercan decrease the already small risks from transfusion. AIDS and SEX: What arethe rational options? The sexual revolution of the 1960s has beenstopped dead in its tracks by the AIDS epidemic. The danger of contracting AIDSis so real now that it has massively affected the behavior of both gay andstraight folks who formerly had elected to lead an active sexual life thatincluded numerous new sexual contacts. Abstinence The safest option regardingAIDS and sex is total abstinence from all sexual contact. For those who preferto indulge in sexual contact, this is often far too great a sacrifice. But it ISan option to be considered. Monogamy For those who would have sexual activity,the safest approach in this age of AIDS is monogamous sex. Specifically, bothparties in a couple must commit themselves to not having sex with anyone else. At that time they should take AIDS antibody tests. If the tests are negative forboth, they must practice safe sex until both members of the couple have beengreater than six months since sexual contact with anyone else. At that time theAIDS blood test is repeated. If both tests remain negative six months afterones last sexual contact with any other party, current feeling is that it isnow safe to have unprotected sex. Note that this approach isrecommended especially for those who wish to have children, to prevent thechance of having a child be born infected with AIDS, getting it from an infectedmother. Note also that this approach can be used by groups of three or morepeople, but it must be adhered to VERY strictly. What to AVOID: Unscrupulousfolks have begun to sell the idea that one should pay to take an AIDS antibodytest, then carry an ID card that certifies one as AIDS antibody negative, as aticket to being acceptable in a singles bar. This is criminal greed andstupidity. First, on e can turn antibody positive at any time. Even WEEKLYtesting will not pick this change up soon enough to prevent folks certified asnegative from turning positive between tests. Much worse, such cardsare either directly or implicitly promoted as a SUBSTITUTE for safesex practices. This can only hasten the spread of the disease. If you wantto learn your antibody status, be sure to do so ANONYMOUSLY. Do NOT get the testdone by any agency that requires your real name, address, or any otheridentifying information. Fortunately, in San Francisco, there is a public placeto get AIDS antibody testing where you may identify yourself only as a number. Tho that place has a three month long waiting list for testing, there are otherprivate clinics where one may have the test done for cash, and may leave anyfalse name one wishes. The reason I suggest this is that currently there aresome very inappropriate reactions by government and business to folks known tobe antibody positive. Protect yourself from such potential persection bypreventing your antibody status from being a matter of record. That informationis for you, your lover(s), and (if need be) your physician. And for NO one elseIn Conclusion: It is my own strongly held view, and that of the medical andresearch community world wide, that the AIDS epidemic is a serious problem, withthe potential to become the worst plague this species has ever known. This isSERIOUS business. VASTLY greater sums should be spent on searching fortreatments and vaccines. On the other hand, we feel strongly that this ismerely a disease, not an act by a supernatural power. And while itdoes not seem like ly we will find either a cure or a vaccine in the forseeablefuture, it may be that truly effective treatments that can indefinitely prolongthe life of AIDS victims may be found in the next few years. When science andtechnology do finally fully conquer AIDS, we can go back to deciding what sortand how much sex to have with who ever we choose on the basis of our ownpersonal choice, and not by the coercion of a speck of proteins and RNA. Maythat time come soon. In the mean time, we must all do what we can to slow thespread of this killer. This article is intended to help accomplish that. Pleasecirculate it as widely as possible.